海洋蓝洞是地球罕见的自然地理现象，从海面上看蓝洞呈现出与周边水域不同的深蓝色，并在海底形成巨大的深洞，被科学家誉为“地球给人类保留宇宙秘密的最后遗产”。世界上已探明海洋蓝洞深度排名为：三沙永乐龙洞（300.89米）、巴哈马长岛迪恩斯蓝洞(202米)、埃及哈达布蓝洞(130米)、洪都拉斯伯利兹大蓝洞(123米)、马耳他戈佐蓝洞(60米)。

The marine blue hole is a rare physical geographic phenomenon on earth. From the surface of the sea, the blue hole has a color of deep blue different from the surrounding waters and forms a huge deep hole at the bottom of the sea, which is hailed by scientists as “the last legacy of the earth to keep the secrets of the universe for human beings”. The rankings of the world’s marine blue holes are as follows according to their depths: Sansha Yongle Blue Hole (300.89 meters), Dean’s Blue Hole in Long Island of Bahamas (202 meters), Blue Hole Dahab in Egypt (130 meters), Great Blue Hole of Belize in Honduras (123 meters), and Gozo Blue Hole in Malta (60 meters).

特点

Features

海洋蓝洞是海底突然下沉的巨大“深洞”。其名字源于从海面之上观看对比周边的水域时，这个海底“深洞”呈现昏暗，有神秘的深蓝色调。蓝洞有数百英尺深，当潜水员潜入海洋蓝洞进行勘测时才发现这里严重缺氧，可能是由于缺少水循环无法支持海洋生命存在。

The marine blue hole is a huge “deep hole” where the sea floor suddenly sinks. Its name originates from the fact that when viewed from the sea surface, this underwater “deep hole” appears dim and has a mysterious color of dark blue in contrast to the surrounding waters. The blue hole is hundreds-of-foot deep, and when divers dive into the hole to survey it, they find that there is a severe lack of oxygen which cannot support the existence of marine life probably due to the lack of water circulation.

排名

Ranking

2016年7月24日，三沙市政府正式命名西沙群岛永乐环礁的海洋蓝洞为“三沙永乐龙洞”(SanshaYongleBlueHole)，经过专家的现场探查确认其被证实为世界已知最深的海洋蓝洞，位于三沙市西沙群岛永乐环礁晋卿岛与石屿的礁盘中，深达300.89米，地址坐标为北纬16°31′30″、东经111°46′05″。经过探查，西沙永乐蓝洞基本为垂直洞穴，蓝洞口径为130米，洞底直径约36米。

On July 24, 2016, the Sansha Municipal Government officially named the marine blue hole at Yongle Atoll in Xisha Islands after “Sansha Yongle Blue Hole”, which was confirmed to be the world’s deepest known marine blue hole after an on-site investigation by experts. It was located in the reef of Jinqing Island and Shiyu Island in Sansha with a depth of 300.89 meters. It was in 16°31′30″N and in 111°46′05″E. After investigation, Xisha Yongle Blue Hole was found to be an almost vertical cave, with the caliber of the blue hole being 130 meters and the diameter of the bottom of the hole being about 36 meters.

此前世界上已探明海洋蓝洞深度排名为：巴哈马长岛迪恩斯蓝洞(202米)、埃及哈达布蓝洞(130米)、洪都拉斯伯利兹大蓝洞(123米)、马耳他戈佐蓝洞(60米)，西沙永乐蓝洞深度大幅刷新世界海洋蓝洞新纪录。

Previously, the rankings of the world’s marine blue holes are as follows: Dean’s Blue Hole in Long Island of Bahamas (202 meters), Blue Hole Dahab in Egypt (130 meters), Great Blue Hole of Belize in Honduras (123 meters), Gozo Blue Hole in Malta (60 meters). The appearance of Xisha Yongle Blue Hole significantly renewed the record of the world’s marine blue holes.

价值

Value

海洋蓝洞极具科学研究价值，科学家们在海洋蓝洞底部发现过许多远古化石残骸。

The marine blue holes are of great value in scientific research, and scientists have found many ancient fossils at the bottoms of them.

世界纪录

World Record

龙洞是最深的海洋蓝洞，位于中国南海的西沙群岛附近，深度 301 米。（吉尼斯世界纪录）

The Xisha Yongle Blue Hole in the South China Sea with a depth of 301 meters is the deepest marine blue hole. (Guinness World Records)

 

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参考资料

[1] 三沙发现神秘海洋蓝洞传说为南海之眼。腾讯见[引用日期2016-07-25]

[2]世界最深海洋蓝洞获名“三沙永乐龙洞”。新华网日[引用日期2016-07-25]

[3]吉尼斯世界纪录有限公司[著]，迟文成[译].吉尼斯世界纪录大全2021[M].沈阳:辽宁少年儿童出版社，2021年:第33页